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Generic Name: Vinorelbine
Brand Name(s): Navelbine®
IUPAC: 4-(acetyloxy)-6,7-didehydro-15- ((2R,6R,8S)-4-ethyl-1,3,6,7,8,9-hexahydro- 8-(methoxycarbonyl)-2,6-methano- 2H-azecino(4,3-b)indol-8-yl)-3-hydroxy-16-methoxy-1-methyl-,methyl ester, (2b,3b,4b,5a,12R,19alpha)-aspidospermidine-3-carboxylic acid
FDA Approval: yes
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Usage: Vinorelbine (Navelbine®) is a relatively new vinca alkaloid discovered in the mid-1990s by the Pierre Fabre Company. It is a semi synthetic derivative of vinblastine and like the other vinca alkaloids, it is derived from compounds produced by a species of the periwinkle plant, Vinca rosea
(1) Cancers for which vinorelbine is used include breast cancers, testicular cancers,
epithelial ovarian cancers, non-small cell lung cancers.
Vinorelbine is administered intravenously. The dosage used is based on the disease being treated, the patient's size and other drugs being used at the same time.
(1)Mechanism: Vinca alkaloids are cell cycle specific agents that block cells in metaphase of
mitosis. The vinca alkaloids bind to tubulin monomers inhibiting the formation of microtubules. Without adequate numbers of functional microtubules, the newly replicated chromosomes can not be separated and cell division is blocked. The aborted cell division process triggers cell death.
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Side Effects: The side effects and toxicity of vinorelbine are generally milder than other vinca alkaloids. However, various side effects do frequently occur with treatment. Common side effects include
myelosuppression, which results in a reduced number of platelets, red blood cells and white blood cells, shortness of breath, constipation or loose stools, alopecia (hair loss), numbness in the hands or feet. Birth defects are possible so patients who are pregnant or considering becoming pregnant should not take this drug. Breast-feeding should also be avoided while using vinorelbine. It is also critical that no immunizations are administered while taking vinorelbine. As a result of a lowered number of white blood cells, the body's natural defense mechanisms are weakened and often unable to fight infection. Likewise, it is important to avoid interaction with individuals recently given an oral polio vaccination.
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