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Generic Name: Alpha-interferon
Brand Name(s): Intron®, Roferon®-A
IUPAC:
FDA Approval: yes
Manufacturer Link
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Usage: Alpha-interferon is given as an injection under the skin, usually in the abdomen or thigh. Alpha-interferon is used to treat kidney (renal) tumors, melanoma,
multiple myeloma, carcinoid tumors and some types of
lymphoma and
leukemia.
(1)(2)(3) Recombinant alpha-interferon is also used to treat hepatitis infections (Rebetron®, Rebetol®).
Mechanism: Alpha-interferon is a naturally occurring
protein that is found in the body in small amounts. There are three types of
interferon (alpha, beta and gamma). They are all involved in regulating the immune response. Alpha-interferon is thought to enhance the immune response against cancer cells, slow cancer cell division and reduce the ability of cancer cells to avoid recognition by immune cells. It is also be investigated for its ability to prevent the development of blood vessels (
angiogenesis). The two drugs made from alpha-interferon, Intron® and Roferon®-A are slightly different forms of the protein.
Side Effects: Side effects are not usually severe but may include: flu-like symptoms, fatigue, vomiting and loss of appetite. Less common side effects include skin irritation, dizziness, depression, hair loss, anemia, an increased susceptibility to infection, and an altered heart rhythm. Both men and women may experience infertility during treatment.
(1)Contraindications: Interferon can worsen existing mental health problems and heart problems.
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