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CancerQuest > Introduction to Patient Information > Side Effects of Cancer Treatments > Lymphedema: Introduction > Diagnosis of Lymphedema

Diagnosis of Lymphedema

Diagnosis
Early stage lymphedema is often difficult to diagnose and differentiate from other causes of swelling. In almost all cases a thorough medical history and physical examination are enough to make a diagnosis.

The following techniques may be used to rule out blood clots or other abnormalities:

Lymphoscintigraphy: uses an injection of a radioactive tracer (radiolabeled colloid) in the affected region. Imaging is done after the material has spread around the area. The resulting images provide information about the structure and function of the lymphatic system in the area.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): MRI can provide details of the lymphatic system without the use of radiation and is highly sensitive in confirming diagnosis. The classic signs of lymphedema can be seen on MRI, including thickening of the skin, honeycombing of subcutaneous tissue, and absence of edema within the muscles.

Computed Tomography (CT): CT is used when MRI or lymphoscintigraphy is unavailable. It is highly sensitive but does not have the detailed imaging ability available with other methods.