Procedure
After the patient is prepared the doctor will lubricate the rectal opening, insert the colonoscope and guide it through the length of the colon. The doctor will look closely at the colon walls searching for any abnormality. During the procedure air may be pumped through the colonoscope to inflate the colon, this makes it easier for the doctor to see all the nooks and crannies. The air may cause a feeling of abdominal fullness, but should not cause pain. Abdominal cramping and pressure is normal during this procedure. As the colonoscope travels further into the colon, the patient may be asked to shift their position to help guide the tube through the colon.(1)
In some cases the entire colon is not able to be examined. This may be caused by the following:
If a colonoscopy is not successful in viewing the entire colon, an additional procedure such as a barium enema x-ray may be required.(1)
Recovery
The procedure usually lasts between 20-60 minutes. Colonoscopies are outpatient procedures in most cases, so patients may go home after the procedure is complete. However, if the patient was sedated during the test a ride home should be arranged. The patient should rest and relax for the rest of the day until the effects of the medication are gone. After colonoscopy, it's normal to feel bloated or to pass gas for a few hours, walking may help ease the unpleasant feeling. A small amount of blood may appear in first bowel movement following the exam, this is normal. However, if the patient repeatedly passes blood, has recurrent abdominal pain, or a fever of 100°F or higher, they should seek medical attention. It is also important to alert the doctor if severe abdominal swelling (distension) occurs after a colonoscopy.(2) (3)
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